LITERACY AND ORAL LANGUAGE
Language, and General Language) to estimate an individual’s status relative to the abilities measured by the test. 1. Spoken Language —formed by combining the scaled scores of the subtests Word Opposites, Word Derivations, and Spoken Analogies. 2. Written Language —formed by combining the scaled scores of the subtests Word Similarities, Sentence Combining, and Orthographic Usage. 3. General Language —formed by combining the scaled scores of all six subtests. FEATURES • The theoretical model on which the test was built has been modified to better reflect the manner in which adolescents and adults actually use language. • The number of subtests has been reduced from eight to six, thereby considerably shortening the administration and scoring time. • All-new normative data were collected in the fall of 2004 through the fall of 2005. • Demographic characteristics of the normative sample are keyed to those reported in the census data projections for 2004. • Geographic region, gender, ethnicity, Hispanic status, family income level, and parental education were stratified by age. • Studies showing the absence of gender and ethnic bias have been provided. • Reliability coefficients have been computed by age and subgroups within the normative sample (i.e., males, females, European Americans, African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, Native Americans, individuals who are gifted and tal- ented, and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or learning disabilities), as well as for the entire normative group. • All-new validity studies have been conducted. Special attention has been devoted to showing that the test results are valid for a wide variety of subgroups, as well as for the general population. • Special care was taken to ensure that the new test has no floor or ceiling effects. • The overall look of the test has been updated and enhanced. COMPLETE TOAL‑4 KIT INCLUDES: Examiner’s Manual, 25 Examiner Record Booklets, and 25 Written Language Forms, all in a sturdy storage box. (©2007) #12580 TOAL‑4 Complete Kit $297.00 #12581 TOAL‑4 Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 116.00 #12581E TOAL‑4 Virtual Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . ........... 109.00 #12582 TOAL‑4 Examiner Record Booklets (25) . . . . . . . . . .......... 87.00 #12583 TOAL‑4 Written Language Forms (25) . . . . . . . . . .......... 116.00 This is a restricted product. Go to www.proedinc.com for details on user qualifications and to complete the User Acceptance Form.
Measures BOTH oral and written language.
TOAL‑4: Test of Adolescent and Adult Language– Fourth Edition Donald D. Hammill • Virginia L. Brown • Stephen C. Larsen • J. Lee Wiederholt
AGES: 12-0 through 24-11 TESTING TIME: 60 minutes ADMINISTRATION: Individual or group
The Test of Adolescent and Adult Language–Fourth Edition (TOAL‑4) is efficient, reli- able, and valid. It was designed to measure the spoken and written language abilities of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of knowledge of the English lan- guage. It was normed on 1,671 individuals in 35 states, all between the ages of 12-0 and 24-11. The TOAL‑4 is nonbiased in regard to gender, race, and ethnicity. SUBTESTS The TOAL‑4 has six subtests: 1. Word Opposites —examinee is asked for a spoken word of the exact opposite meaning of the word the examiner says; the opposite of “Day” is “Night.” 2. Word Derivations —examinee is asked for a missing word at the end of the sec- ond sentence the examiner says, deriving from a key word; “ Laugh . The play was very funny. The people broke out laughing.” 3. Spoken Analogies —examinee is asked to finish examiner’s partial analogous sentence with a word to complete the analogy; “ Birds are to sing as dogs are to bark .” 4. Word Similarities —examinee is asked to write a synonym (correct spelling is irrelevant) for a printed stimulus word; “Pig” is written after seeing the word “Hog.” 5. Sentence Combining —examinee is asked to write one grammatically correct sentence from the given two or more sentences; “We ate lunch,” and “It was an hour ago” can be combined into “We ate lunch an hour ago.” 6. Orthographic Usage —examinee is asked to write down all the correct words and punctuation marks to all the sentences given; “I, ran then walked” might be changed to “I ran then walked.” COMPOSITES Test results can be reported as percentile ranks and scaled scores. The scaled scores of these subtests can be combined to form three composites (Spoken Language, Written
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2025–2026 ASSESSMENTS | 53
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