PHONEMIC AWARENESS AND RAPID NAMING
RAN/RAS: Rapid Automatized Naming and Rapid Alternating Stimulus Tests Maryanne Wolf • Martha Bridge Denckla AGES: 5-0 through 18-11
TESTING TIME: 5 to 10 minutes ADMINISTRATION: Individual
The RAN and RAS tests are considered the “gold standard” of naming tests. These tests reflect three decades of clinical evidence and research across all parts of the United States, Canada, Europe, Israel, Asia, and Australia that have examined the relation between processing speed and reading. The tests are simple, fun, and quick to administer (i.e., 5 to 10 minutes for all six tests). They are an important addition to any prediction battery or diagnostic assessment of oral and written language from age 5 to adulthood. The RAN and RAS tests are individually administered measures designed to estimate an individual’s ability to recognize a visual symbol—such as a letter or color—and name it accurately and rapidly. The tests consist of rapid automatized naming tests (Letters, Numbers, Colors, and Objects) and two rapid alternating stimulus tests (2-Set Letters and Numbers, and 3-Set Letters, Numbers, and Colors). The Letters, Numbers, Colors, and Objects tests comprise five high-frequency stimuli that are ran- domly repeated 10 times in an array of five rows, for a total of 50 stimulus items. The 2-Set Letters and Numbers and 3-Set Letters, Numbers, and Colors tests are com- posed of 10 and 15, respectively, high-frequency stimuli that are randomly repeated in an array of five rows, for a total of 50 stimulus items. On all tests, the examinee is asked to name each stimulus item as quickly as possible without making any mis- takes. Scores are based on the amount of time required to name all of the stimulus items on each test. The tests were normed on 1,461 individuals in 26 states; these norms are suitable for individuals from ages 5-0 through 18-11. The group of six tests usually takes 5 to 10 minutes to administer, depending on the child’s age, language status (first or second language), and reading abilities. This includes time for directions and practice items for each test. TPAS: Test of Phonological Awareness in Spanish Cynthia A. Riccio • Brian Imhoff • Jan E. Hasbrouck • G. Nicole Davis AGES: 4-0 through 10-11 TESTING TIME: 15 to 30 minutes ADMINISTRATION: Individual The Test of Phonological Awareness in Spanish (TPAS) measures phonological aware- ness ability in Spanish-speaking children. The TPAS can be used to help identify children who may benefit from instructional activities that enhance their phonological abilities. The TPAS subtests consist of: • Initial Sounds —determining whether a second word begins with the same sound as a target word • Final Sounds —determining whether a second word ends with the same sound as a target word • Rhyming Words —determining whether a second word rhymes with or sounds like the target word • Deletions —repeating a specific word while leaving out a syllable or sound at the beginning, middle, or end of the word The subtest scaled scores are based on a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3. The subtest scores are combined to produce a composite ability score having a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. The normative sample was composed of more than 1,000 children selected to reflect the composition of the Spanish-speaking population in the United States based on current U.S. Bureau of the Census figures. Further sample weighting was conducted prior to the development of the normative tables. Internal consistency reliabilities range from .87 to .98 at different ages. Test–retest reliability coefficients for the subtests are mostly above .80; those for the composite all exceed .80. Evidence related to content,
FEATURES • Identify students who may be at risk for reading failure • Are quick to administer and easy to score • Convert raw scores to percentiles, standard scores, and age and grade equivalents • Are both valid and reliable for their stated purposes • Are appropriate for use with kindergarten students through high school students COMPLETE RAN/RAS KIT INCLUDES: Examiner’s Manual, 50 Examiner Record Forms, and set of 6 Card Packs, all in a sturdy storage box. (©2005) #10435 RAN/RAS Complete Kit $200.00 #10436 RAN/RAS Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 92.00 #10436E RAN/RAS Virtual Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . ........... 86.00 #10437 RAN/RAS Examiner Record Forms (50) . . . . . . . . . .......... 81.00 #10438 RAN/RAS Card Packs (set of 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 41.00 #10438E RAN/RAS Virtual Card Packs . . . . . . . . . . . . .............. 38.00 This is a restricted product. Go to www.proedinc.com for details on user qualifications and to complete the User Acceptance Form.
predictive, and construct validity is strong. Differential item functioning analysis was used to identify items with potential bias for gender and various Spanish dialect groups. COMPLETE TPAS KIT INCLUDES: Examiner’s Manual and 25 Examiner Record Booklets, all in a sturdy storage box. (©2004)
This is a restricted product. Go to www.proedinc.com for details on user qualifications and to complete the User Acceptance Form.
ESPAÑOL
#10940 TPAS Kit $128.00 #10941 TPAS Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . ........ 80.00 #10942 TPAS Examiner Record Booklets (25) . . . .... 61.00
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2025–2026 ASSESSMENTS | 51
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