GRAMMAR (SYNTAX AND MORPHOLOGY)
THE TERM MEASURES MORPHOLOGICAL AWARENESS USING FOUR SUBTESTS:
A one-of-a-kind norm-referenced assessment of morphology!
TERM: The Test of Expressive and Receptive Morphology Deborah K. Reed • Elizabeth A Allen AGES: 6-0 through 17-11 TESTING TIME: 20 to 30 minutes Morphology (TERM) is designed to be a psy- chometrically sound measure of spoken and written knowledge and use of morphology in school-aged students that can be used to identify students at risk for language impair- ment or a learning disability. The TERM is designed to assess morphological knowledge within the framework of the receptive and expressive processes and the spoken and written systems of language. ADMINISTRATION: Individual The Test of Expressive and Receptive Morphological awareness is known to be a signifi- cant predictor of children with Specific Language Impairment (e.g., Hendricks et a., 2019; Rice & Wexler, 1996; Rice, Wexler, & Cleave, 1995). Additionally, the field of reading and learning dis- abilities has focused on the role of morphological awareness in literacy achievement and dyslexia (e.g., Carlisle & Fleming, 2003; Georgiou et al., 2022; Goodwin et al., 2020; Kieffer & Box, 2013; Reed, 2008). Many studies have suggested that morphological awareness predicts literacy, decod- ing, vocabulary, reading comprehension, and spell-
Individual test items assess the child’s use of MORPHOLOGY (preposition, plural, pos- sessive noun and pronoun, reflexive pronoun, subject pronoun, direct/indirect object, present possessive noun and pronoun, reflexive pronoun, subject pronoun, direct/ indirect object, present progressive aspect, regular and irregular past tense, modal auxiliaries, contractible/uncontractible copula, and contractible/uncontractible auxil- iary) and SYNTACTIC structures (negative, conjoined sentences, wh - questions, inter- rogative reversal, negative infinitive phrase, propositional complement, relative clause, and front/center embedded clause). COMPLETE SPELT‑3 KIT INCLUDES: Test Manual, Photographic Stimulus Book, and 50 Response Forms, all in a sturdy storage box. (©2005) #12243 SPELT‑3 Complete Kit $299.00 #12244 SPELT‑3 Response Forms (50) . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 44.00 This is a restricted product. Go to www.proedinc.com for details on user qualifications and to complete the User Acceptance Form. These subtests can be combined to create five composite scores: Receptive Morphological Awareness, Expressive Morphological Awareness, Spoken Morphological Awareness, Written Morphological Awareness, and General Morphological Awareness. The test yields standard scores, percentile ranks, and age equivalents for the subtests and the composites. The test’s norms are based on a representative sample of 1,051 students from 319 different zip codes. Extensive studies of the floors, ceilings, and item gradients for the TERM’s subtests and composites indicate the test is a consistently excellent measure of morphological awareness across all age and ability levels. Studies of reliability and valid- ity indicate that the TERM is a highly reliable and valid measure of morphological aware- ness. These studies also indicate that the TERM’s internal structure is sound, and its results are valid for a wide variety of subgroups, as well as for the general population. ONLINE SCORING AND REPORT SYSTEM Access to the all-new TERM Online Scoring and Report System is included with the purchase of the TERM Complete Kit and with the purchase of every replacement pack of Examiner Record Booklets. This scoring and reporting system is a quick, efficient tool for (a) entering test session results; (b) converting subtest item scores or total raw scores into scaled scores; (c) generating composite index scores, percentile ranks, and upper and lower confidence intervals; (d) comparing TERM performances to iden- tify significant intraindividual differences; and (e) obtaining a score summary or narra- tive report. Inclusion of the software eliminates the need to include normative tables in the Examiner’s Manual and ensures accurate calculation of scores. COMPLETE TERM KIT INCLUDES: Examiner’s Manual, 25 Examiner Record Booklets, and access to the TERM Online Scoring and Report System. (©2025) #14955 TERM Complete Kit with Online Scoring $152.00 #14956 TERM Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............... 85.00 #14956E TERM Virtual Examiner’s Manual . . . . . . . . . . . ............. 85.00 #14957 TERM Examiner Record Booklets (25) with Access Codes . . ... 67.00 #14953 TERM Online Scoring and Report System (Stand-alone with 25 administrations) . . . . . . . . . .......... 152.00 #14954 TERM Additional Online Administrations (25) . . . . . . . ........ 67.00 This is a restricted product. Go to www.proedinc.com for details on user qualifications and to complete the User Acceptance Form.
ing achievement (e.g., Anglin, 1993; Bowers et al., 2010; Carlisle, 1995; Carlisle & Fleming, 2003; Carlisle & Stone, 2005; Marks et al., 2022; Nagy et al., 2006; Reed, 2008). Because morphological awareness encompasses both spoken and written language skills, multiple tasks are needed to determine students’ abilities (Apel et al., 2022).
SPELT‑3: Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test–Third Edition Janet I. Dawson • Connie E. Stout • Julia A. Eyer AGES: 4-0 through 9-11 TESTING TIME: 15 to 25 minutes ADMINISTRATION: Individual
The Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test–Third Edition (SPELT‑3) targets the assess- ment of morphology and syntax (morphosyntax) skills in children from ages 4-0 through 9-11. This edition is a revision of an accepted tool for measur- ing children’s morphosyntactic development. The SPELT‑3 measures a child’s generation of specific morphologic and syntactic structures. It elicits responses from a child through structured visual and auditory stimuli. Each test item includes a visual stimulus that is a full-color photograph of an everyday situation or activity.
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78 | 2025–2026 ASSESSMENTS
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